Wyden takes a close look at Hanford

“This should represent an unacceptable threat to the Pacific Northwest for everybody,” Wyden said after touring the site. “There are problems that have to be solved, and right now the Department of Energy cannot say what changes are needed, when they will be completed and what they will cost.

Wyden, who has long been a proponent of Hanford cleanup, is the new chairman of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, which will conduct confirmation hearings for the person nominated to replace outgoing Energy Secretary Steven Chu.

Wyden said he would use those hearings to secure a commitment to finally treat and safely dispose of all radioactive waste at Hanford.

The federal government created Hanford in the 1940s as part of the top-secret Manhattan Project to build the atomic bomb. The government spends $2 billion each year on Hanford cleanup — one-third of its entire budget for nuclear cleanup nationally. And cleanup is expected to last decades.

Central to cleanup is construction of a plant to convert millions of gallons of waste — a toxic, radioactive stew stored in 177 underground tanks — into glasslike logs for safe, secure storage. The $12.3 billion plant is billions of dollars over budget and behind schedule.

In addition, tanks are already long past their intended 20-year life span. Many are already known to have leaked in the past, and last week, Washington Gov. Jay Inslee announced that a single-shell tank could be leaking in the range of 150 to 300 gallons a year, posing a risk to groundwater and rivers.

The Energy Department said it is still unable to determine why liquid levels in the tank are declining, saying it is still investigating the problem.

Monitoring wells around the tank have not detected higher radioactivity levels, said Ben Harp, an Energy Department manager at the site, though contaminants would not be expected to have reached those wells yet.

Inslee and Oregon Gov. John Kitzhaber have championed building additional tanks to ensure safe storage of the waste until the plant is completed. Wyden said he shares their concerns about the integrity of the tanks, but that he wants more scientific information to determine it’s the correct way to spend scarce money.

It’s not as if there haven’t been successes with Hanford cleanup over the years. Two of three tasks that were identified as urgent to protect public safety and the environment have been completed, and plans are being made for shrinking the overall footprint of the Hanford site and eventually opening up some areas to recreation and development.

Wyden’s tour included stops at two so-called tank farms, including one where the suspected leaking tank is located, a plant to treat contaminated groundwater, and the construction site for the waste treatment plant.

His first stop: Hanford’s B Reactor, which produced plutonium for the first atomic blast, the Trinity Test, and for the Fat Man bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, effectively ending World War II. B Reactor has been designated a National Historic Landmark and legislation has been submitted to recognize it as part of a new national park recognizing Manhattan Project sites.

Anti-nuclear activists have called the plan an expensive glorification of an ugly chapter in history, but Wyden expressed his support for the idea.

“History isn’t always ideal, and science can be liberating,” he said, adding later, “If you forget about history, you’re condemned to repeat it.”